Ramanathapuram coast is well known for pearl fishing. The Pandyan kings who ruled over this District exploited the pearl fisheries of the East Coast. The cholas who succeeded Pandyas not only patronized pearl fishing but also developed it with great care in the Palk and Gulf of Mannar. Marco Polo (1260-1300) who traveled in State India during this period says in his account that the pearl fishing was monopolised by Pandyas. The large quantity of pearls collected from the pearl beds were exported to Mediterranean countries
The Regional center of the Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute Mandapam which was established in 11947 has developed proven technology for the culture of Pearls, edible oyster calm mussel and seaweed. Commercial Pearl Farming has come up near Kurusadai Island and the Tamil Nadu Fisheries Development Corporation Limited maintains it.
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